The Mediterranean is likely one of the most endangered regions worldwide concerning water scarcity. There seems to be an agreement in climatic model predictions for the Mediterranean area that will suffers severe drought events and, consequently, significant reduction in water availability.

Water scarcity as a result of a changing environment is not the only concern. Recent studies on groundwater sustainability show that the largest aquifers in the world are undergoing, or will undergo, severe overdrafts that are not long-term sustainable. To adapt for such as critical scenarios and to cope with their consequences, appropriate management and governance of water resources are needed.